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Objective:To develop a professional grief scale for medical postgraduate students(PGS-MPS) and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Based on the integrated model of professional grief, the initial item pool was formed after literature analysis, semi-structured interviews, group discussion, and 5 experts were invited to assess the relevance of the items and provided revision suggestion.A total of 506 valid questionnaires were collected.SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 26.0 were used to test its reliability and validity.Results:The PGS-MPS included 41 items, including the professional grief reaction subscale and disenfranchised grief subscale.The professional grief reaction subscale included emotional reaction (14 items), physiological and cognitive reaction (20 items), and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the two factors model was 52.908%.Disenfranchised grief subscale included 7 items, with a single dimension and a variance contribution rate of 51.730%.Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the model fitting well.The Cronbach’s α coefficients for the professional grief reaction subscale and disenfranchised grief subscale were 0.947 and 0.850, respectively.Conclusion:The PGS-MPS has good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate professional grief of medical postgraduate students.
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Objective:To develop and examine the reliability and validity of the adolescent health literacy evaluation scale under public health emergencies (AHLES-PHE) in junior middle school students.Methods:The initial version of AHLES-PHE was formed by combining the characteristics of public health emergencies and adolescent health literacy.The expert version of AHLES-PHE was formed by two rounds of Delphi expert consultation.Totally 1 729 adolescent students from three junior middle schools in Changzhou City were tested.The formal version of AHLES-PHE was formed through item analysis and factor analysis (structural validity). The content validity of the formal version of AHLES-PHE was evaluated by specialist analysis and sensibility analysis, and its correlation validity with the everyday health information literacy (EHIL) was tested.The internal consistency reliability, parity split-half coefficient and test-retest reliability were calculated.Results:(1)Item analysis: the correlation coefficient between the scores of each item and the total score of AHLES-PHE expert version was 0.420 to 0.722 ( P<0.01), and the CR of decision value was 10.140 to 66.980 ( P<0.01). (2)Validity analysis: the formal version of AHLES-PHE with 45 items and 8 factors was obtained by exploratory factor analysis.The 8 factors could explain 61.30% of the total variation.The fitting indexes of the confirmatory factor analysis model were χ2/ df=3.325, RMSEA=0.052, GFI=0.853, CFI=0.912, TLI=0.904, NFI=0.880.Sensibility analysis of the formal version of AHLES-PHE showed the Cronbach's α ranged from 0.957 to 0.958.The correlation coefficient between the total score of AHLES-PHE formal version and the total score of EHIL was 0.340 ( P<0.01). (3)Reliability analysis: the Cronbach's α coefficient and parity split-half coefficient of the formal version of AHLES-PHE were 0.958 and 0.975, respectively.The test-retest reliability of the formal version of AHLES-PHE was 0.753 ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The formal version of AHLES-PHE developed in this study has good reliability, structural validity and content validity, and the correlation validity with EHIL is common.This scale has a certain degree of applicability to the assessment of health literacy for junior middle school students under public health emergencies.
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Objective:To develop couples′ communication quality scale for gynecological cancer patients and test its reliability and validity in accordance with Chinese cultural background.Methods:The scale was initially formed by literature review and Delphi expert consultation. From May to November in 2021, the scale was initially formed by literature review and Delphi expert consultation. A cross-sectional survey of 360 gynecologic cancer patients in Qilu Hospital, Shandong University was conducted from May to August 2021 using a convenience sampling method, and after pretesting, item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used to screen the scale items. After the formal scale was formed, 385 gynecological cancer patients from Qilu Hospital, Shandong University were conveniently selected for formal testing from September to November 2021, and the reliability and validity of the scale was tested.Results:The formal couples′ communication quality scale for gynecological cancer patients was composed of 34 items from 5 dimensions of "self-disclosure", "perceived response", "stress coping", "normal creation" and "constructive action", with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 68.181%. The Cronbach α coefficient of the scale was 0.949, the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.766, the retest reliability coefficient was 0.898, and the criterion validity coefficient was 0.696. The model′s χ2/ df was 1.778, root mean square error of approximation was 0.047, comparative fit index was 0.956, incremental fix index was 0.956, Tucker-Lewis index was 0.952, normal of fit index was 0.905. Conclusions:The scale can be used to evaluate the quality of couples′ communication among gynecological cancer patients in Chinese context with good reliability and validity.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a “Multidisciplinary Collaboration Ability Scale (MCAS)” and examine the reliability and validity for medical professionals engaged in cancer care. Method: The first MCAS draft was created, and the content validity and surface validity of the scale were examined for medical professionals. Next, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on medical professionals engaged in cancer care who worked in medical institutions. Exploratory factor analysis and known-groups technique were carried out, coefficient α calculated, and concurrent validity examined. This study was conducted with the approval of the research ethics review. Result: Exploratory factor analysis resulted in 33 items of 4 factors (ability to promote discussion, foundational relationship building, self-control, and problem-solving activities). The MCAS score was significantly higher for those who had participated in a multidisciplinary workshop and those who had more years of experience. Coefficient α for the entire scale and for each factor was .80 and above. Examination of concurrent validity showed a moderate correlation. Conclusion: The reliability and validity of MCAS in its development stage were generally verified.
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Abstract With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in fields such as medical treatment, while the threat of artificial intelligence has also received extensive attention. However, this topic has been only limitedly explored in China. To provide a measurement tool for AI threat research in China, this study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the Threats of Artificial Intelligence Scale (TAI) in two Chinese samples of adults (N1 = 654, N2 = 1483). Results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggested that the one-factor model of TAI as the best fitting model. Furthermore, the Chinese TAI was significantly related to Positive and Negative Affect Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, proving good criterion-related validity of the Chinese TAI. In sum, this study suggested the Chinese version of the TAI as a reliable and effective tool in assessing AI threat in the Chinese context. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Artificial Intelligence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Anxiety , China , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Technological Threats , EmotionsABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo é apresentar uma proposta de mensuração do nível de urbanicidade das cidades brasileiras com dados do censo 2010. Estudo ecológico que usou a classificação oficial do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) - urbano rural - e a de Veiga (2002) - Pequeno, Médio e Grande porte. Utilizou-se árvore de classificação para predição com Validação Cruzada. Testaram-se dois modelos de análise. No modelo 1, as variáveis independentes foram as características físicas e sociais das cidades, e o desfecho a classificação no critério IBGE. No modelo 2, além das variáveis usadas no modelo 1, incluiu-se como covariável o critério de Veiga (2002). Construída a árvore, calcularam-se a sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia. O modelo 2 apresentou ganhos estatisticamente significante na predição do nível de urbanicidade, aumentando as estimativas de sensibilidade e acurácia nos conjuntos usados para teste. Municípios de grande porte foram classificados automaticamente como urbano no modelo 2. Mas, para predizer a urbanicidade das demais cidades houve a combinação dos critérios de Veiga (2002) com outras características físicas e sociais das cidades. A combinação de indicadores no modelo 2 permitiu definir critérios quantitativos para criar tipologias de classificação do urbano rural para o territorial municipal brasileiro.
Abstract The scope of this study is to present a proposal for measuring the level of urbanicity in Brazilian cities based on data from the 2010 census. It is an ecological study, which used the official (urban rural) classification of IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, in portuguese) and that of small, medium and large cities of Veiga (2002). A classification tree was used for prediction with Cross Validation. Two models of analysis were tested. In model 1, the independent variables were the physical and social characteristics of the cities, and the outcome was classification in accordance with IBGE criteria. In model 2, in addition to the variables used in model 1, the Veiga (2002) criterion was included as a covariate. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were then calculated. Model 2 showed statistically significant gains in the prediction of the level of urbanicity, increasing the sensitivity and accuracy estimates in the sets used for testing. Large cities were automatically classified as urban in model 2. However, to predict the urbanicity of other cities, Veiga (2002) criteria were combined with other physical and social characteristics of cities. The combination of indicators in model 2 enabled the definition of quantitative criteria to create typologies for classifying the urban rural definition in the Brazilian municipal territory.
Subject(s)
Humans , Rural Population , Censuses , Data Collection , Cities , Sociological FactorsABSTRACT
Background & objectives: COVID-19 pandemic has triggered social stigma towards individuals affected and their families. This study describes the process undertaken for the development and validation of scales to assess stigmatizing attitudes and experiences among COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 participants from the community. Methods: COVID-19 Stigma Scale and Community COVID-19 Stigma Scale constituting 13 and six items, respectively, were developed based on review of literature and news reports, expert committee evaluation and participants’ interviews through telephone for a multicentric study in India. For content validity, 61 (30 COVID-19-recovered and 31 non-COVID-19 participants from the community) were recruited. Test–retest reliability of the scales was assessed among 99 participants (41 COVID-19 recovered and 58 non-COVID-19). Participants were administered the scale at two-time points after a gap of 7-12 days. Cronbach’s alpha, overall percentage agreement and kappa statistics were used to assess internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Results: Items in the scales were relevant and comprehensible. Both the scales had Cronbach’s ? above 0.6 indicating moderate-to-good internal consistency. Test–retest reliability assessed using kappa statistics indicated that for the COVID-19 Stigma Scale, seven items had a moderate agreement (0.4-0.6). For the Community COVID-19 Stigma Scale, four items had a moderate agreement. Interpretation & conclusions: Validity and reliability of the two stigma scales indicated that the scales were comprehensible and had moderate internal consistency. These scales could be used to assess COVID-19 stigma and help in the development of appropriate stigma reduction interventions for COVID-19 infected, and mitigation of stigmatizing attitudes in the community.
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Background: Vitiligo places a significant psycho-social burden on caregivers and family members. Aims: The aim of the study was to develop and preliminarily validate a scale to measure the psychosocial impact of vitiligo on adult family members. Methods: Themes that emerged from qualitative interviews and a focus group discussion with family members were used to generate items for a preliminary scale, followed by pre-testing and scale development. The new scale was then tested with two comparator scales and a global question. Results: A preliminary scale with 32 items was pilot tested on 30 participants. Following this, the scale was condensed to 16 items in 12 domains that were administered to 159 participants. Scale scores ranged from 0 to 48 with a mean of 19.75 ± 12.41. The scale had excellent internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.92 (0.70–0.95) and also showed good test-retest reliability at two weeks (r = 0.946). The scale showed criterion, convergent and known group validity. Limitations: It was conducted in a large teaching hospital which may have resulted in selection of patients with persistent or progressive disease and more worried family members. Vitiligo is highly stigmatized in our country and the performance of the scale may need to be evaluated in other communities and cultures as well where stigma is less oppressive. Conclusion: Family Vitiligo Impact Scale appears to be an easy-to-complete, reliable and valid instrument to measure the psychosocial impact of vitiligo in family members of patients. It may be useful as an outcome measure in both clinical and research settin
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Objective:To develop a patient-reported outcomes (PRO) scale for post-stroke aphasia based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) holism. Methods:Referring to the TCM holism, the theoretical model was established following the standard process for the development of the PRO scale. An item pool was established and optimized with case review, patient interview, expert questionnaire survey and consensus conference. The PRO scale was established finally. Results:A pool of post-stroke aphasia items based on the holistic view of TCM was constructed in the physical, psychological and social model. The Expert Comment Form for the PRO Scale for Aphasia after Stroke was formed after sorting out the item pool. After expert surveys and meeting discussion, 40 items were finally selected to form the first version of Patient-reported Outcomes Scale for Post-stroke Aphasia-TCM. Conclusion:The first version of Patient-reported Outcomes Scale for Post-stroke Aphasia-TCM has been developed based on the TCM holism and the concept of PRO, which can be evaluated clinically.
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Objective: Sustained practice of Yoga leads to self-awareness, physical strength and high sense of energy. Yoga stimulates antioxidant levels in the body and reduces likelihood of dental disorders. No research has been undertaken connecting perception on yoga and oral health behaviors. The present study is an attempt to develop a psychometric scale entitled Perceived Benefits on Yoga Scale (PBYS) to measure individuals' perception on Yoga in relation to oral health behaviors. Material and methods: The psychometric tool was developed based on the concepts of Health Benefit Model (HBM). Among the four components of the model, the present study considered "perceived benefits" component. A total of 206 individuals participated in the study. To analyze the scale theoretically, face and content validity were assessed. Reliability of the scale was tested using Cronbach's alpha and Spearman-Brown coefficient. Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, construct validity was tested. Cronbach alpha and Spearman- Brown coefficient were applied to test the reliability of scale. Results: There were six items in the final scale, with a Spearman- Brown coefficient of 0.92 and Cronbach's alpha of 0.91. Statistically significant (p < 0.001) positive correlation was found between POBYS scores and Yoga Self-Efficacy Scale (YSES). Validity of scale is within accepted range as indicated by Goodness of Fit indices. Conclusion: POBYS is a reliable and valid measure of perception on yoga outcomes with specific reference to oral health behavior. (AU)
Objetivo: A prática continua de Yoga leva ao autoconhecimento, força física e a sensação de energia elevada. O yoga estimula os níveis de antioxidantes no corpo e reduz a probabilidade de desordens dentais. Nenhuma pesquisa foi realizada conectando a percepção sobre o yoga e os comportamentos da saúde bucal. O presente estudo é uma tentativa de desenvolver uma escala psicométrica intitulada Escala de Benefícios Percebidos no Yoga (PBYS) para medir a percepção dos indivíduos sobre o Yoga em relação aos comportamentos da saúde bucal. Material e Métodos: A ferramenta psicométrica foi desenvolvida com base nos conceitos do Modelo de Benefícios à Saúde (HBM). Dentre os quatro componentes do modelo, o presente estudo considerou o componente "benefícios percebidos". Participaram do estudo 206 indivíduos. Para analisar teoricamente a escala, foram avaliadas a validade de face e de conteúdo. A confiabilidade da escala foi testada usando o alfa de Cronbach e o coeficiente de Spearman-Brown. Usando análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória, a validade do construto foi testada. O alfa de Cronbach e o coeficiente de Spearman-Brown foram aplicados para testar a confiabilidade da escala. Resultados: Havia seis itens na escala final, com coeficiente de Spearman-Brown de 0,92 e alfa de Cronbach de 0,91. Estatisticamente significativo (p <0,001) foi encontrada correlação positiva entre os escores do PBYS e a Escala de Autoeficácia do Yoga (YSES). A validade da escala está dentro da faixa de aceitabilidade conforme indicado pelos índices de Goodness of Fit. Conclusão: PBYS é uma medida confiável e válida de percepção sobre os resultados do yoga com referência específica ao comportamento de saúde bucal. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Yoga , Oral Health , Factor Analysis, StatisticalABSTRACT
Abstract: Objective: To describe the development of a reliable and valid measure of attitudes toward, and use and comprehension of nutritional labels in Spanish speaking countries. Materials and methods: The dimensions encompassed in this instrument are attitudes, comprehension and use, combining self-reports and objective measures of nutrition knowledge. Content validity, item analysis, repeat and internal reliability, and convergent and divergent validity were assessed in a pooled sample of 185 individuals. Results: Cronbach alpha coefficients (above 0.9) exhibit internal consistency. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the scale show good properties for convergent and divergent validity. Conclusion: The final 25-item scale is a valid and reliable measure of use, comprehension and attitude towards nutrition labels for Spanish speaking populations.
Resumen: Objetivo: Describir el desarrollo de una medida confiable y válida de las actitudes, uso y comprensión de etiquetas nutricionales en poblaciones de habla hispana. Material y métodos: Las dimensiones abarcadas en este instrumento son las actitudes, la comprensión y el uso, combinando medidas subjetivas y objetivas acerca del conocimiento sobre nutrición. Se evaluó la validez del contenido, el análisis de los ítems, la repetición y confiabilidad interna y la validez convergente y divergente en una muestra de 185 individuos. Resultados: Los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach (mayores a 0.9) presentan consistencia interna, mientras que el factor de análisis confirmatorio y exploratorio muestra que la escala tiene validez convergente y divergente. Conclusiones: El instrumento final de 25 ítems es una medida válida y confiable de uso, comprensión y actitud hacia las etiquetas nutricionales diseñada para las poblaciones de habla hispana.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Surveys and Questionnaires , Consumer Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Health Literacy , Food Labeling , Choice Behavior , Reproducibility of Results , Comprehension , Feeding Behavior , Self Report , Food Analysis , Language , Mexico , Nutritive ValueABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop ‘Koreans Gut Quotient Measurement Scales (GQ)’, in which Koreans respond to questionnaires about the subjective feelings and symptoms of their intestinal health status. METHODS: Among 66 items pooled from previous studies and 4 items that were added following a focus group interview, 15 items were chosen using the Delphi survey. The content validity was evaluated using the content validity ratio. Data collected from 1,120 people from the general public in Korea were analyzed to verify the reliability and validity of GQ. RESULTS: The finalized GQ consisted of 17 items (including two exploratory measurement items) that were classified into three independent factors based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA): ‘perceived intestine discomfort’, ‘bowel movement discomfort’, and ‘bowel movement control discomfort’. The discriminant and convergent validity of GQ were identified using EFA, reliability test, and confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the criterion-related validity of GQ was identified using correlation and multiple regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The GQ, which is a simplified intestinal health index developed based on an easy questionnaire for the public to understand, can be used as a tool for the public to evaluate their own intestinal health and determine when to visit clinics.
Subject(s)
Focus Groups , Intestines , Korea , Reproducibility of Results , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop ‘Koreans Gut Quotient Measurement Scales (GQ)’, in which Koreans respond to questionnaires about the subjective feelings and symptoms of their intestinal health status.METHODS: Among 66 items pooled from previous studies and 4 items that were added following a focus group interview, 15 items were chosen using the Delphi survey. The content validity was evaluated using the content validity ratio. Data collected from 1,120 people from the general public in Korea were analyzed to verify the reliability and validity of GQ.RESULTS: The finalized GQ consisted of 17 items (including two exploratory measurement items) that were classified into three independent factors based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA): ‘perceived intestine discomfort’, ‘bowel movement discomfort’, and ‘bowel movement control discomfort’. The discriminant and convergent validity of GQ were identified using EFA, reliability test, and confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the criterion-related validity of GQ was identified using correlation and multiple regression analysis.CONCLUSIONS: The GQ, which is a simplified intestinal health index developed based on an easy questionnaire for the public to understand, can be used as a tool for the public to evaluate their own intestinal health and determine when to visit clinics.
Subject(s)
Focus Groups , Intestines , Korea , Reproducibility of Results , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Many studies show that organizational justice (OJ) is related to psychological determinants of employee health. To prevent health problems related to OJ in Korean workplaces and to accurately measure OJ, we developed the Korean version of the Organizational Justice Questionnaire (K-OJQ) and assessed its validity and reliability. METHODS: A questionnaire draft of the K-OJQ was developed using back-translation methods, which was preliminary tested by 32 employees in Korea. Feedback was received and the K-OJQ was finalized. This study used data from 303 workers (172 males, 131 females) in Korea using the K-OJQ, job stress, and lifestyle questionnaires. RESULTS: Cronbach’s α coefficients of the internal consistency reliability was 0.92 for procedural justice and 0.94 for interactional justice. Factor analyses using SPSS 24 and Amos 23 extracted two expected factors, named procedural justice (7 items; range, 1.0–5.0) and interactional justice (6 items; range, 1.0–5.0) and showed a reliable fit (χ2 = 182; p = .000; GFI = .912; AGFI = .877; CFI = .965; RMSEA = .077). Furthermore, higher procedural justice and interactional justice levels were correlated with lower job demand (− 0.33; − 0.36), insufficient job control (− 0.36; − 0.41), interpersonal conflict (− 0.45; − 0.51), job insecurity (− 0.33; − 0.34), organizational system (− 0.64; − 0.64), and lack of reward (− 0.55; − 0.63). CONCLUSIONS: The K-OJQ was objectively validated through statistical methods. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s40557-018-0238-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Korea , Life Style , Occupational Health , Reproducibility of Results , Reward , Social JusticeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To develop a simplified functional scale and classification system to evaluate the functional abilities of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). METHODS: A Comprehensive Functional Scale for DMD (CFSD) was developed using the modified Delphi method. The accompanying Ambulatory Functional Classification System for DMD (AFCSD) was developed based on previously published classification systems. RESULTS: The CFSD consists of 21 items and 78 sub-items, assessing body structure and function, activities, and participation. Inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficient values were above 0.7 for 17 items. The overall limits of agreement between the two examiners ranged from -6.21 to 3.11. The Spearman correlation coefficient between the total score on the AFCSD and the Vignos Functional Scale was 0.833, and 0.714 between the total score of the AFCSD and the Brooke scale. Significant negative correlations existed between the total score for each functional level of the AFCSD and each functional grade of the Vignos and Brooke scales. The total scores of the CFSD varied significantly between the functional grades of the Vignos scale, and specific grades of the Brooke scale. For the AFCSD, total scores of the CFSD varied significantly between the functional levels. CONCLUSION: We have developed a new scale and the associated classification system, to assess the functional ability of children diagnosed with DMD. Preliminary evaluation of the psychometric properties of the functional scale and classification systems indicate sufficient reliability and concurrent validity.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Classification , Methods , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
We conducted a questionnaire survey of nurses to develop a scale for the Japanese version of the Quality of Dying and Death in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU-QODD) instrument for use by nurses. The questionnaire was based on “patient’s experience at the end of life” in ICU-QODD for health professionals in the United States. We assessed whether it could be used as a comprehensive evaluation tool. Respondents included 1,372 nurses for factor validity and internal consistency, and 39 nurses for test-retest reliability. Two factors, “physical symptoms” and “dignity” that comprised 6 items were identified. Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.89 and 0.75, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.62 and 0.72, respectively. Sufficient reliability and validity were confirmed. It was suggested that 6 out of 15 items could be used as for comprehensive evaluation of the ICU-QODD.
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El síndrome de Down es la causa genérica más frecuente de discapacidad vinculada con el desarrollo. La falca de valores normativos para los niños que padecen este trascomo, dificulta una valoración temprana y seguimiento del curso evolutivo. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir el perfil evolutivo de escos niños durante los primeros tres años de vida. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte de cipo prospectivo durante 9 años, en el cual se incluyeron 156 niños menores de 37 meses. Ellos tuvieron 528 evaluaciones con la "Escala Abreviada del Desarrollo" (EAD4), una prueba válida y confiable estandarizada en Colombia para valorar el nivel evolutivo en niños menores de 6 años. Se establecieron los cocientes de desarrollo por trimestres, valores percentil, las variaciones entre las áreas evaluadas, las curvas evolutivas estudiadas en cada área y los períodos más críticos en los diferentes semestres. Estos valores posibilitarán el seguimiento al curso evolutivo de estos niños, la identificación temprana de las áreas de mayor vulnerabilidad y necesidad de intervención, la evaluación del impacto de acciones terapéuticas o programas de estimulación, y la orientación a los padres y agentes sociales y de salud vinculados al desarrollo y la supervivencia del niño y la niña.
Down syndrome is the most frequent genetic cause of disability associated with development. The lack of normative values for these children, hinders an early assessment and monitoring of the clinical course. The objective was to describe the evolutionary profile of these children during the first three years of life. A prospective cohort study was performed, for 9 years, in which 156 children under 37 months were included. They had 528 evaluations by "Abbreviated Scale Development" (EAD -I), a valid and reliable standardized test in Colombia to assess the developmental level in children under 6 years. We obtained quarterly developmental quotients, percentile values, variations between the areas assessed, the evolutionary curve in each area studied and the most critical periods in different semesters. These values will enable monitoring the clinical course of these children, early identificación of areas of greatest vulnerability and need for intervención, assessment of the impact of therapeucic interventions or programs of stimulation and guidance co parents and related health and social agencs to development and survival of che boy and che girl.
Subject(s)
Child , Down Syndrome/pathologyABSTRACT
A aposentadoria é um tema em ascendência no Brasil, impulsionada por fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos e previdenciários. O processo da aposentadoria admite como primeira etapa a formação de percepções sobre a futura transição. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e apresentar evidências de validade da Escala de Percepção de Futuro da Aposentadoria (EPFA). Foram realizados procedimentos de construção, validade de constructo e conteúdo, seguidos análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória, além de correlações e comparações com variáveis demográficas. Participaram da pesquisa 982 trabalhadores, maioria do sexo masculino (65,1%, N = 640), com idade média de 40,1 anos (DP = 10,5 anos). Os resultados das aferições psicométricas confirmam a estrutura de cinco dimensões esperada, com subscalas de Percepções de Saúde, Desligamento do Trabalho, Finanças, Relacionamentos Interpessoais e Perdas na Aposentadoria. De forma geral, os resultados apontam que melhores percepções sobre o futuro na aposentadoria relacionaram-se com melhores condições contextuais de vida. São apresentados usos e limitações da medida.
Retirement is a field in ascending importance in Brazil due to demographic, socioeconomic and social security factors. The retirement process states as its first stage the perceptions about the transition. This paper aimed to develop and validate the Perceptions of Future Retirement Scale (PFRS). Development, face and construct validity assessment procedures were performed, followed by exploratory and confirmatory analysis and also comparison and correlation analysis. The participants were 982 workers, mostly male (65.1%, N=640) with mean age of 40.1 years (SD=10.5 years). Results of psychometric measurements confirmed the presumed 5 factors structure, with subscales of Health Perception, Detachment from Work, Finances, Interpersonal Relationships and Losses in Retirement. In general, results show better perceptions to be related to better contextual conditions of life. Uses and limitations of PFRS are presented.
La jubilación es un tema en ascendente importancia en Brasil, impulsada por factores demográficos, socio económicos y de seguridad social. El proceso de jubilación señala como primera etapa la formación de percepciones sobre la futura transición. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar y presentar evidencias de validez de la Escala de Percepción de la Futura Jubilación (EPFJ). Se realizaron procedimientos de construcción, validez de constructo y contenido, también análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio además de correlaciones y comparaciones con variables demográficas. Participaron de la investigación 982 trabajadores, la mayoría de sexo masculino (65,1%, N = 640) con edad media de 40,1 años (DP = 10,5 años). Los resultados de las mediciones psicométricas confirman la estructura de 5 dimensiones, con sub-escalas de Percepción de la Salud, Alejamiento del Trabajo, Finanzas, Relaciones Interpersonales y Pérdidas en la Jubilación. En general, los resultados señalan que una mejor percepción sobre el futuro de la jubilación se relaciona con mejores condiciones del contexto de vida. Se presentan usos y limitaciones de la medida EPFJ.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Quality of Life , Retirement/psychology , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Up to 2015, almost all of the Third-grade class-A TCM hospitals in Beijing set up multiple sub-hospitals, under the regional integrating of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, in order to meet regional homogenization of medical and health care demand, to provide high-quality medical service for the patients, and to improve the hospital development in a certain stage. Taking Beijing university of traditional Chinese medicine affiliated Dongfang hospital for example, it creates "two sub-hospitals " a court layout of mode of "one hospital with multiple branches". This article analyzed the sub-hospitals organization structure reform, cost budget control, performance management & personnel training, information system construction, to draw lessons from practical manage experience, and explored the "multiple sub-hospitals " superior management mode for our hospital.
ABSTRACT
Up to 2015, almost all of the Third-grade class-A TCM hospitals in Beijing set up multiple sub-hospitals, under the regional integrating of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, in order to meet regional homogenization of medical and health care demand, to provide high-quality medical service for the patients, and to improve the hospital development in a certain stage. Taking Beijing university of traditional Chinese medicine affiliated Dongfang hospital for example, it creates "two sub-hospitals " a court layout of mode of "one hospital with multiple branches". This article analyzed the sub-hospitals organization structure reform, cost budget control, performance management & personnel training, information system construction, to draw lessons from practical manage experience, and explored the "multiple sub-hospitals " superior management mode for our hospital.